Gujarat’s industries general knowledge

Ritika

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Gujarat’s industries-GK

Gujarat’s industries started from scratch with the segregation of Greater Mumbai from the state of Gujarat. Gujarat being a rich state in cotton production. Gin was established in 1850 at Ahmedabad to grind cotton. However, the use of ginning machine started from Dhandhuka in Ahmedabad district.  Telegraph line connecting Ahmedabad to Mumbai Was lost in 1850. ; Ranchodlal Chhotalal Established Spinning and Weaving Mill at Ahmedabad in 1861. 18 In 1867, Bahachardas Lashkari set up another cotton mill in Gujarat.  In 1908, there were 47 cotton mills operating in Ahmedabad. ખાતે Textile dyeing industry developed at Visnagar in Mehsana district. In which red was the main color. इ.स. Until 1960, Gujarat consisted only of textile industry and manufacturing of engineering goods. 

In 1970, Gujarat’s Surat is the fastest growing industrial region in Gujarat. Gujarat is divided into Ahmedabad Industrial Area, Vadodara Industrial Area, Surat Industrial Area and Saurashtra Industrial Area. All three industries have developed. 

An industry with an investment of less than Rs 25 lakh is called a micro industry.

 An industry with an investment of Rs 25 lakh to Rs 5 crore is called a small enterprise. Industries with an investment of Rs 5 to 10 crore are included in the medium industry. 

 There were about 800 large industrial units operating in Gujarat in the year 2012. 

Gujarat receives an estimated 40 to 41 per cent of its total revenue through industries. In Gujarat, in 2012, the highest number of micro, small and medium enterprises units were in Surat, followed by Ahmedabad and Rajkot.

 It is followed by Vadodara, Valsad, Bharuch, Jamnagar, Gandhinagar and Mehsana districts respectively. 

 In Gujarat, the cotton textile industry topped the daily average number of workers in 2011, followed by chemicals, food products and beverages, non-metallic minerals, machinery, fabricated metal products, rubber and plastics, electric resources, etc.

Special Economic through efforts to make Gujarat a mini Japan Zone (SEZ), Special Investment Region (SIR) and Gujarat  Due to the Swadeshi movement as well as Gandhiji’s return to India, he started a movement to use Swade goods, which is why in Gujarat, things like International Finance Tech-City (GIFT) cut and polished 92% of the world’s diamonds. Produces excellent denim.Gujarat ranks third in the world in production.  The oil refinery is located at Moti Khawdi in Jamnagar district. Gujarat is the world’s largest producer of wall clocks. 3 Gujarat contributes 78% to India’s salt production.  

Gujarat contributes 98% to the production of soda ash in India. 

 The plant of Hindustan Salt Ltd. is located at Kharadhoda in Surendranagar district. India’s first gas based sponge iron plant is located at Hazira in Surat district. This sponge iron plant is the largest gas based plant in the world. Reliance has also set up a Gujarat Gas Cracker Plant at Hazira. Gujarat Cycles Ltd. has been established in Vaghodia near Vadodara.  In Gujarat, the industry of making baby food for children as well as powder from baby milk has also developed. Gujarat contributes 84% ​​to the milk powder industry in India.

(1) Textile Industry: In the textile industry, the cotton textile industry is the most important industry of Gujarat. There are cotton textile mills in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, Rajkot, Navsari, Bilimora, Bharuch, Petlad, Khambhat, Nadiad, Kalol and Bhavnagar.  Gujarat’s mill industry is at the forefront of making fine and soft textiles. The importance of textile industry has decreased in Gujarat due to good development of petrochemicals, fertilizers, dyes, chemicals etc. Mechanical schools in Surat and Khambhat produce special types of cotton cloth. Art Sik textile industry has developed in Surat, Valsad, Chikhli, Gandevi, Mandvi, Jalalpore, Bardoli, Nana Varchha etc. centers. Jari industry has developed a lot in Surat. 80% of the total production of jari is produced in Surat. Plastic lace is also produced here. The industry produces zari wire, edge, tiki etc. Zari products are exported on a large scale abroad. Udhana and Veraval are centers of rayon industry. There are warm textile mills in Vadodara and Jamnagar.

In Surendranagar district of Gujarat, the mechanical textile industry required for the textile industry is produced by the Ahmedabad Textile Industry Research Association. Gujarat is at the forefront of producing fine and soft fabrics in the country. importance to the textile industry due to the development of industries like dye-chemicals, petrochemicals as well as engineering and low profitability in the textile industry in Gujarat. The handloom industry involves thick fabrics. So in this industry towels, saris, curtain fabrics, Calcutta etc. are produced. Powerloom industry produces saris etc. Surat, Khambhat, Dholka, Ahmedabad, Sabarkantha, Banaskantha, Surendranagar, Rajkot, Mehsana, Dang, Kheda are the main locations of handloom and powerloom industry in Gujarat. I also make art silk cloth in Gujarat.  Artistic industry in Gujarat has developed in Surat, Valsad, Bardoli, Chikhli, Mandvi, Gandevi etc.  Surat is the main city in Gujarat in the artistic field. Khadi industry has also developed in Gujarat and warm textile industry has developed in Vadodara and Jamnagar. Jari industry has also developed in Surat since the time of Rad Mughal. Plastic lace industry has also developed in Surat. The industry is mainly in the hands of Rana, Khatri, Patel etc.  Udhana area of ​​Surat is known for this plastic jari industry About 95% of the jari produced in Surat is exported to other states. Jari industry is included in the home industry. Gold, silver, copper wire is used for the production of zari. In Gujarat, rayon industry has developed at Veraval, the headquarters of Udhana and Gir Somnath in Surat. After the year 2000, the production of cotton fabrics in Gujarat has decreased due to the increase in the production of synthetic fibers etc. in Gujarat. Vadodara has a petro-chemical complex. Gujarat’s textile industry has also developed from such complexes. Gujarat produces a record 1.23 crore bales of cotton annually.  

(2) Engineering Industry: Even though there is no iron or coal in Gujarat, engineering industries have been developed to import small and large machinery by importing it from other states of the country. Ahmedabad, Nadiad, Udhana, Valsad, Jamnagar, Bhavnagar, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot are important centers of this industry. There are 6 units manufacturing machine tools in Gujarat. Rajkot is an important center for manufacturing oil engines in India. Razors, bicycle dynamo, ball pens, watch covers, wood carving machinery etc. are manufactured here. Electric motors, electric machines, power tillers, tractors etc. are made in Vadodara. Electronic industry has developed in the industrial estate of Makarpura (Dist. Vadodara). Surat produces electrical appliances like water heater.

The development of engineering industries in Gujarat has taken place in both large and small sectors. Tractors, Scooters, Bicycles, Mot Radar, Diesel Engines, Steel Pipes, Steel Tubes, Electric Motors, Electric Motors, Water Meters, Textile Machinery, Agricultural Utilities, Electric Papers, Machine Tools, Switch Gears, Etc. Khamdavad is the largest center of the engineering industry. Rajkot is known for making  diesel engines. Surat is known for making electrical appliances like water heaters. Morbi is known for making electric watches. Jamnagar is known for its bass parts industry. Junagadh is known for making  farming pots.  Nadiad is known for the production of automobile parts like chowk, piston. Vadodara is known for its industry of making electric motors. Ahmedabad is known for its electric pumps, diesel engines, steel pipes and lathes. Ahmedabad and Surendranagar are known for the machinery of the textile industry. Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Nadiad, Surendranagar and Bhavnagar are well known cities for the production of machine tools. Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, Surat, Valsad, Vapi, Nadiad, Bilimora are known for foundry industry in Gujarat. Morbi is known for its ceramic industry. In Gujarat alone, Saurashtra produces about 50 per cent of the country’s diesel engines and 35 per cent of wall clocks. Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Gandhinagar centers are known for electronics industry in Gujarat. Electronics Test and Development Center was established in Vadodara in the year 1974, 9 Gujarat Communication and Electronics Ltd. in Makarpura area of ​​Vadodara. The state government unit is located. An industrial estate has been set up at Gandhinagar, the capital of Gujarat, for the development of the electronics industry. Gujarat also contributes about 7% to the country’s telephone production. Contribute as a percentage. Gujarat ranks 40th in the country in the production of machinery used for making medicines. The industry of automobile manufacturing has also flourished in Gujarat during the last decade, with 79 per cent production in the production of air and gas commissars. The automobile manufacturing industry has also flourished in Gujarat during the last decade. In which Tata Motors manufactures its Nano car at Sanand in Ahmedabad district. (Currently suspended).

 The Tata Motors plant was shifted from Singur in Hooghly district of West Bengal state to Sanand.

(3) Cement Industry: Raw materials like limestone, sand, clay and gypsum are available in large quantities for the development of cement industry in Gujarat. In Gujarat, there are large cement factories at Dwarka, Porbandar, Sewaliya, Ranavav, Sikka, Savri, Amirgarh, Ahmedabad and Ankleshwar. Gujarat ranks third in India in terms of cement production after Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh.

Rajkot, Vadodara and Valsad Cement Industry The cement industry has developed in Gujarat due to the availability of raw materials required for the cement industry such as sand, clay, limestone, chirodi. 

 Cement industry has developed in Gujarat especially in Saurashtra in Junagadh, Amreli, Jamnagar and Devbhoomi Dwarka districts. about 40 large and small cement factories in Gujarat.  Gypsum is found in large quantities in the deserts of Jamnagar, Porbandar and Kutch while milliotite and limestone are found in the Kodinar and Okhamandal areas.  Dwarka, Porbandar, Sikka, Ranavav, Jafrabad, Ambujanagar, Kodinar, Bharuch are important centers for cement industry in Gujarat. White cement is produced at Porbandar.  Name of Cement Factory at Ranavav, Porbandar Gujarat Himalayan Cement Company. 

Gujarat Ambuja Cement Ltd. Plant is located in Kodinar taluka of Gir Somnath district. The plant of Cement Corporation of Gujarat Ltd. is located at Siddhigam in Sutrapada of Gir Somnath district. Portland Cement is produced under Aditya Birla Group. Alcatech Cement is produced at Babarkot village of Jafrabad in Amreli district and Kovaya village of Rajula.  Highbond Cement Factory is located at Patidar, Gondal, Rajkot Districts.

(4) Paint and Chemical Industry: There are larger units in Gujarat than Mithapur, Porbandar, Dhrangadhra, Ahmedabad and Vadodara producing chemicals. Tata Chemicals is the largest unit located in Mithapur (Dist. Devbhoomi Dwarka). Chemicals like soda fraction, liquid chloride, caustic soda, bleaching powder, zinc chloride and hydrochloric acid are produced here. Soda fractions are produced in Porbandar and Dhrangadhra. Gujarat is the largest producer of soda in India. In Ahmedabad, Alembic, Sarabhai Chemicals and Seni Tax Corporation are the manufacturing units of medicinal products. Parnera and Atul in Valsad district have larger units than herbal production. Ankleshwar has units producing pesticides, dyes, herbs etc. 

 (5) Petrochemicals Industry: Government of India e. Q. Founded the Indian Petrochemicals Corporation in 1969. By-products from mineral oil refineries supply raw materials to the petrochemicals industry. The petrochemical complex set up near Koyli (Dist. Vadodara) refinery produces paints, polyester, raw materials for fiber, timber paints, solvents, food preservatives etc. India’s first petrochemicals complex ‘Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited’ (IPCL) established at Vadodara. IPCL has started a ‘Plastic Culture Development Center’ on the use of plastics in agriculture. A ‘Gandhar Gas Complex’ has been set up near Gandhar near Dahej. A ‘Mass Cracker Project’ has been set up at Hazira by Reliance Industries Limited. Therefore, Gujarat ranks first in the country in production of polythene like India. 

A petrochemical complex has been set up by Bharat Petrochemicals Company Limited at Wagra in Bharuch district. Geo textiles made in it are used in the field of civil engineering in roads, tunnels, canals, railways, sewerage etc. Essar Oil has set up an oil refinery at Vadinar in Jamnagar. Gujarat ranks second in the country in the production of pesticides.

 (6) Chemical fertilizer industry: Natural gas, sulfur, phosphate and naina are required as raw material for making chemical fertilizer. In Gujarat, there are chemical fertilizer factories in Kandla, Bajwa, Lol and Chavaj. E. at Bajwa (Dist. Vadodara). Q. Gujarat State Fertilizers Corporation (GSFC) in 1962

This is the largest total in Asia. Anonia, urea, phosphoric acid, medic acid, ammonium sulphate, ammonia phonet etc. are used in this complex. The Indian Farmers’ Cooperative Fertilizer Industry Association (IFFCO-CO) (Coal and Kandla Fertilizer Tax) has been pressed. The factory produces urea, nitrogen, phosphorus and potash rich fertilizers. (GNFC) Fertilizer Factory has been set up. In addition, Super Fostate is being mined in Ahmedabad, Bhavnagar, Ghedra and Udhana by small scale units. (Porcelain Industry) 

Natural gas, sulfur, phosphate and nesthano are used as raw materials for fertilizer production. Gujarat State Fertilizers, located near Vadodara, is the largest factory in Asia. Full name of IFFCO is Indian Farmers Fertilizer Co-operative Ltd. Is.  Fertilizer factories have been set up by IFFCO in Kalol and Kandla. IFFCO produces urea, nitrogen phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Full name of GNFC is Gujarat Narmadaveli Fertilizer and Chemicals Ltd. AD in Bharuch. GNFC was founded in 1976. GNFC is the world’s largest manufacturer of single stream ammonia urea fertilizer. That Gujarat has the highest production of phosphoric fertilizer.  Hazirama (Surat) Kripakbharati Co-operative Ltd. (KRIBHCO) has a gas based factory. The main chemical fertilizer factories are located at Kandla, Bajwa, Kalol, Hazira, Chavaj, Sikka etc. in Gujarat. While the super phosphate fertilizer industry is in Vadodara, Ahmedabad, Surat and Bhavnagar. 

(7) Ceramic Industry (Porcelain Industry): In Gujarat, there are factories for making porcelain and other items at places like Thane, Morbi, Shihor, Wankaner, Jamnagar, Vagadia, Santarod, Dhrangadhra, Derol, Ahmedabad, Vallabhavidyanagar etc.

(8) Sugar Industry: Bardoli, Kodi , Una, Mati, Petlad, Palasan, Amreli, Talaja and Dhoraji are the sugar hubs. 

(9) dairy industry

Dairy industry is the main occupation of Gujarat and animal husbandry is a supplementary activity of agriculture. The dairy industry plays an important role in the economic development of the state. This industry has developed on a cooperative basis in Gujarat. Kari Indra Utpadak Sangh handles the development of dairy industry in all the districts of Gujarat. In Gujarat, Anand, Mehsana, Surat, Bharuch, Himmatnagar, Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Palanpur, Junagadh, Rajkot, Jamnagar, Bhavnagar, Madhavpur etc. are located in Dairystro. Narand’s Amul Dairy is the largest cooperative dairy in Asia. Dairy offers free advice and guidance to other cooperatives. The National Dairy Development Board and the Gujarat Dairy Development Corporation help in the development of the dairy industry. The institute is headquartered in Anand. 

(10) BD Industry: BD Industry has developed in various centers of Anand, Nadiad, Borsad, Petlad, Vadodara and North Gujarat.

(11) Salt industry: Salt is baked in salt agars at Malia, Patdi, Kharadhoda etc.

 (12) Paper Industry: There are paper mills in Songadh, Rajkot, Barejadi, Jamnagar, Ahmedabad and Bavla.

(13) Brass Industry: The industry of making brass utensils has developed in places like Jamnagar, Lalpur, Kalawad etc. 

(14) Motor manufacturing factories have been set up at Sanand and Bahucharaji.

 (15) Agate industry: Agate industry has developed in Khambhat, Jamnagar etc. 

 (16) Glass industry: Glass manufacturing industry has developed in Vadodara, Vallabhavidyanagar and Kadi. 

 (17) Clock industry: Morbi, Ahmedabad, Rajkot etc.

 (18) Diamond grinding industry: Surat, Navsari, Bhavnagar, Palanpur, Ahmedabad etc. 

Housing Industry Since ancient times, Gujarat has been known for its home industries like Patola, Mashru, Kinkhab, Akik items, various types of embroidery, painting, wood carving etc. 

 (1) Patolas: Patan is famous for Patolas. At the time of Kumarapala, there were 700 artisans weaving Patola in Patan. Currently Kasturchand and another family make Patola. After tying the fine weaves first, they are arranged in different colors according to the color pattern. The pure silk mat design features geometric figures, Narikunjar, Panbhat, Phulwadi, Chokdibhat and animal bird figures with weaving. 

 (2) There is a strand of synthetic silk and a string of yarn to make mushroom mushroom cloth. Khatri and Sheikh Muslim artisans in Patan as well as Patel artisans in Unjha prepare mushrooms. There is a co-operative society of Tashru artisans in Patan. Gold, red, blue and yellow are used in this fabric. Katario, chundadi, red and green particle, kamkhi, sodagari, arabi etc.

(3) Kinkhab: Silk cloth made of gold and silver lace is known as ‘Kinkhab’. Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Khambhat, Patan, Visnagar, Magroda, Unjha, Upera and Gozaria are the important manufacturing centers of Kinkhab. Kinkhab of Upra, Ridrol and Nardipur is praised. This fabric is used more by royal families and lamb com. 

 (4) Sujani: This is a kind of quilt. It is filled with weaving without taking a single stitch. This industry has developed in Bharuch. 

 (5) Tanchhai:  Tanchhani cloth is the specialty of Surat. Lion, elephant, etc. are printed on one side of the silk cloth. 

 (6) Akik’s items are found in Bawa Ghor mine near Akik’s stone Ratanpur (Dist. Bharuch) Morbi, Ranpur and Malki type stones are found in the bed of Mazum river. Adino. Industry has been prevalent in Valabhi and Khambhat since ancient times. Gujarat Soni is also a saddle in the villages of Ingrola, Babra, Wadia, Chalala, Kunkavav etc. of Akik. Remedy. H EL Bha Uv. Knife and dagger base from stone, sword handle, ring, stirrup. Things like cups, lum, pottery, paper-weight etc. are made. It is exported to Europe and Central Asia.

 (7) Jarikasab: Surat, Ahmedabad, Jamnagar and Dhoraji are known for the Jarikasab Jarisab industry. The main raw materials of this industry are silk thread, silver and gold. It is embroidered with gold and silver wire on kinkhab and velvet. In the states of Lish, the art of gold is bought from Gujarat for weaving in handloom cloth.

(8) Embroidery: Cobbler, Jat, Matwa, Lohana, Ahir, Mer, Kathi, Rabari, Kanbi, Sathwara, Oswala merchants and Sindhi women of Kutch and Saurashtra do embroidery. In Gujarat, different types of embroidery are done as follows. This is also called ‘Aari Bharat’. The embroidery is filled with satin or silk gauze, dry leather, atlas and warm cloth with diamond colored thread and fine gold thread. This embroidery is done on chakla, toran, chania, cloth, polka, hats, curtains and other garments. Regardless of the design of any species, the effects, flowers, birds, animals and human figures are raised by the stitches of the embroidery, the figures of bulbul, peacock, doll etc. are raised on the garland, pichwai etc. Ahir of Kotai and Lodai and Rabari women of Ratnal are skilled in Abhala Bharat. Cobbler Bharat on Bunny’s Jat ‘Kajri’. Kathi Bharat: In Saurashtra, the women of Kathi com embroider a variety of handloom cloths such as Dholamaru, Vachda Dada, Kunalila, Ramayana occasions, various animals and birds, flowers, kangra etc. In Kathi Kom, it is customary to give a daughter-in-law embroidered skirts, chakla, toran, todlias, curtains on the wall, etc. on the occasion of marriage. Bagasara, Chadia, Bharat of Amreli district.

Ahir Bharat: Figures of parrots, bulbuls, puppets etc. are painted on the yellow texture. Abhala is also used. This embroidery is done on chaklas, torans, curtains, todlias, cloths and bodices. Junagadh and Girsomnath districts are known for this bharat. 

Kanbi Bharat: Kanbi women in Gariadhar panth of Bhavnagar district do this bhagra on ghagra, choli, chandarva, barsakhiyan, bag, oxen swing, pillowcase etc. This embroidery is done on a thick cloth of red or brown color. Abhala is used in Chaniya embroidery.

Mahajan Bharat: Vagad and Bhuj – Mandvi’s Oswal merchants, Sony etc. use geometric designs and diamond patterned rice in this Bharat. They embroider on galefs, todlias, chaklas and bhatias. 

Moti Bharat: The work of filling pearl garlands, indhoni, coconut, fan, chopat, doll, chakla, chandrava etc. is done in the villages of Kathi population of Amreli district. During leisure time in Saurashtra, women make beads and pearl garlands. 

 (9) Painting: Cities like Jamnagar, Jetpur, Gondal, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, Amreli, Shihor, Vadodara, Bagasara, Bhuj, Mandvi, Anjar, Surat, Navsari, Gandevi, Valsad, Bardoli, Chikhli etc. are known for painting. In Kutch, dyeing of chundadi, safa, shirak, handkerchief, uparana, chadar etc. is done. The construction of Jamnagar is commendable. In Jetpur, sari is dyed. Mill vial, muslin, lawn, cambric and powerloom and handloom fabrics are used for dyeing. 

(10) Wood carving: In Sankheda, Dhoraji and Junagadh, timber and lacquer mixed colored wood bajoth, hammock, dholiya, ghodiya, sofaset, velan etc. Various fruits, toys, small boxes etc. are made of ivory and wood in Mahuva of Bhavnagar district. In Bhavnagar big pataras are made. Godhra, Idar, Ahmedabad, Surat, Lunawada, Palanpur, Balasinor, Modasa, Santrampur, Sankheda, Patan, Mahuva, Junagadh and Bhavnagar are the centers of this industry.

(11) Metal work: Shihor, Wadhwan, Dhrangadhra, Jamnagar, Visnagar, Nadiad, Vadodara, Dabhoi, Navsari etc. are known for metal work. Cities like Jamnagar, Anjar, Mandvi, Bhuj, Roha, Kothara etc. are known for making sudi, chapp, tala etc. In Vadnagar, Umreth and Peej, Astra and Chapp are made. Rajkot and Bhuj are known for their artistic charms of gold and silver. Ash, leaf, vase, perfume are made in Kutch. Rajkot is made of enamel-studded, diamond-studded ornaments. 

(12) Pottery: The potter caste has been making pipes, bricks, pots, pots, pans, etc. for centuries. The tribesmen make flat pipes, horses, idols of danger etc. Clay toys are made in Thane. In Patan, Otia potter makes 6 different types of spiders. Porcelain cups, saucers, jars, bowls with glazes, sanitaryware etc. are made in Thane, Shihor, Wankaner, Morbi, Bilimora etc.

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